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KMID : 1134820210500070742
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Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
2021 Volume.50 No. 7 p.742 ~ p.747
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Inhibition Effect of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) on Foam Cell Formation by Co-Treatment of Ox-LDL and LPS in THP-1 Derived Macrophage
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Im Young-Sun
Gu Hyun-Ji
Yun Jung-Mi
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Abstract
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Foam cell formation characterized by lipid accumulation is a hallmark of the early stages of atherosclerosis. Foam cells form fatty streaks of plaques in the arteries and lead to atherosclerosis. 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a dietary agent derived from cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower. DIM has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. But the inhibitory effects of DIM on foam cell formation are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of DIM on cholesterol efflux and lipid accumulation in THP-1 foam cells and its underlying molecular mechanism. We exposed a THP-1 derived macrophage to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL, 0 μg/mL) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 500 ng/mL) to initiate foam cell formation and carried out an analysis using MTT assay and western blotting. DIM decreased the expression of cluster of differentiation 36, lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1, and nuclear factor-κB, while it increased liver X receptor α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and ATP-binding cassette cholesterol transporter A1 expressions compared to the co-treatment of Ox-LDL and LPS. Taken together, DIM inhibited foam cell formation via the induction of cholesterol efflux and lipid accumulation. Also, DIM inhibited the inflammation induced by foam cells. Thus, DIM may be a potent candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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KEYWORD
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3, 3′-diindolylmethane, foam cell, oxidized low density lipoprotein, lipopolysaccharides
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